EU Inc: la sociedad europea que aún no existe

Via CIRCE (electronic incorporation), the company can be registered at the Companies Registry within 48-72 hours. This is the route we use at Notaría Online.

Via the ordinary route (without CIRCE), the process takes 2 to 4 weeks because you must wait for the Companies Registry qualification, which can take 15 business days.

In both cases, before the deed you must obtain the negative company name certificate (1-3 days) and open the bank account to deposit the capital (1 day).

The minimum share capital is €3,000. It can be contributed in cash (most common) or in economically valuable assets (non-cash contributions, which require a valuation report).

Since the reform of the Capital Companies Act (Law 18/2022), it is possible to set up an SL with just €1 capital under the successive formation regime. In this case, there are restrictions on dividend distribution and director remuneration until the capital reaches €3,000.

The actual costs in 2026 are:

• Negative name certificate: €13.94 (Central Companies Registry).
• Notarial fees: between €150 and €300, depending on share capital.
• Companies Registry inscription: between €100 and €200.
• Transfer Tax (ITP): exempt since 2010 for company incorporations.
• Our management fee: from €395 + VAT, notarial fees included.

In total, setting up an SL with our service costs between €400 and €700 all-in (not counting the €3,000 share capital, which is your money and stays in the company account).

It depends on your turnover and the risk of your activity:

• Self-employed is simpler and cheaper to maintain. No deed, no Companies Registry, no annual accounts. But you are liable with all your personal assets if something goes wrong.
• SL limits your liability to the contributed capital (minimum €3,000). If the company has debts, your home, car and personal savings are protected (except in cases of negligent management).

Tax-wise: self-employed pay income tax (up to 47% in the highest brackets). The SL pays Corporation Tax at 25% (15% for the first two years for new companies). If you invoice more than €40,000-50,000/year, the SL is usually more tax-efficient.

CIRCE (Centro de Información y Red de Creación de Empresas) is a system from the Ministry of Industry that allows electronic company incorporation. Instead of handling each step separately, everything is managed through a single electronic document (DUE) that communicates simultaneously with the notary, Companies Registry, Tax Agency and Social Security.

The advantage: it reduces timelines from weeks to days (48-72 hours in the best case). Only authorised Entrepreneur Service Points (PAE) can process through CIRCE. Notaría Online is a certified PAE.

Yes. You do not need to be a resident in Spain or have Spanish nationality. You only need an NIE (Foreigner Identity Number) and the standard incorporation documents.

If you cannot travel to Spain, you can grant a power of attorney to a representative to sign the deed of incorporation on your behalf. If the power is signed outside Spain, it needs a Hague Apostille.

At Notaría Online we handle the NIE, the power of attorney and the full incorporation for international clients.

Newly created SLs pay 15% Corporation Tax during their first two financial years with a positive tax base (i.e. the first two years they generate profit). From the third year, the general rate is 25%.

Additionally, SLs must file annual accounts at the Companies Registry, quarterly VAT returns (form 303), withholding returns (form 111), and the annual Corporation Tax return (form 200).

Yes. It is called a Single-Member Limited Company (SLU). It is the most common form for self-employed people who want to limit their liability. It works exactly like a normal SL, with one difference: the single-member status must be registered at the Companies Registry and mentioned in all company documentation.

If you want to add partners in the future, a capital increase or share transfer is enough. The company ceases to be single-member without needing to dissolve or create a new one.

The full process has 6 steps:

1. Negative name certificate: reserve the company name at the Central Companies Registry (1-3 days).
2. Bank account opening: deposit the minimum share capital (€3,000) in an account in the name of the company being incorporated.
3. Drafting of articles: prepare the articles of association governing the company's internal operation.
4. Public deed of incorporation: signed before a notary. This is the formal act that brings the company to life.
5. Companies Registry inscription: the deed is registered and the company acquires full legal personality.
6. Tax Agency and Social Security registration: obtaining the definitive CIF, census registration and director RETA registration.

With the CIRCE system, steps 4, 5 and 6 are handled simultaneously through the DUE, reducing the total time to 48-72 hours.

Yes. With our service, the deed of incorporation is signed via video conference before a notary, with full legal validity (Law 11/2023 on digitisation of notarial acts). You do not need to physically visit any notary office.

The entire process is managed electronically: name reservation, account opening, deed and Companies Registry inscription. You only need an internet connection, an ID document and a bank account to deposit the capital.